SWK 391: Understanding Social Research, Spring 2007

Professor: Stephen M. Marson, Ph.D., ACSW
Office: 204B BA; 521-6475; Inclement weather: (910) 521-6888
Office Hours:  Monday By Appointment; Tuesday 11:00; Wednesday By Appointment; Thursday 4:00; Friday 8:00--11:30
Course Prerequisite: MAT 105 or 107, Recommended SOC/SWK 360
Course Description: The ethics, standards, and methods of scientific inquiry in social research and the helping services. Particular emphasis is given to standards and methods to improve helping skills. The course is directed to the professional research needs of those preparing for careers in such areas as medical sociology and social work.
 
Table of Content
Assignments Course Outline NC Child Welfare Collaborative 
Attendance Policy Final Exam Plagiarism
Blackboard Usage (REQUIRED) Free Email Portfolio Assignment
Bibliography Gas Assignment Program Objectives
CAPI Assignment Giving and Taking Reaction Papers
Cell Phone Policy Grades Reliability & Validity Assignment 
Child Welfare Scholars Handouts Required Text
Computers Software (SPSS vs MS Excell)
Course Objectives Late Assignments Students with Disabilities

Program Objectives

  1. Apply critical thinking skills within the context of professional social work practice.
  2. Understand the value base of the profession and its ethical standards and principles, and practice accordingly.
  3. Practice without discrimination and with respect, knowledge, and skills related to clients’ age, class, color, culture, disability, ethnicity, family structure, gender, marital status, national origin, race, religion, sex, and sexual orientation.
  4. Understand the forms and mechanisms of oppression and discrimination and the strategies of change that advance social and economic justice.
  5. Understand and interpret the history of the social work profession and its contemporary structures and issues.
  6. Apply the knowledge and skills of generalist social work to practice with systems of all sizes.
  7. Use theoretical frameworks supported by empirical evidence to understand individual development and behavior across the life span and the interactions among individuals and between individuals and families, groups, organizations, and communities.
  8. Analyze, formulate, and influence social policies.
  9. Evaluate research studies and apply findings to practice, and, under supervision, to evaluate their own practice interventions and those of other relevant systems.
  10. Use communication skills differentially with a variety of client populations, colleagues, and members of the community.
  11. Use supervision and consultation appropriate to social work practice.
  12. Function within the structure of organizations and service delivery systems, and under supervision, seek necessary organizational change.
  13. Use social work skills, values and knowledge within the context of our rural environment
Course Objectives:
  1. To apply the scientific method and critical thinking to the practice of social work.  (Program Objectives: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9)
  2. To demonstrate effective use of social science literature (i.e., evaluation) to enhance one's practice. (Program Objectives: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9)
  3. To apply the proper use [i.e., traditional standards of reliability and validity] of operationalized concepts [instruments] for social work practice. (Program Objectives: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9)
  4. To understand program and practice evaluation procedures emerge from agency policies. (Program Objectives: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9)
  5. To demonstrate knowledge of traditionally accepted types of social research designs--particularly the single subject design. (Program Objectives: 1, 2, 4, 9)
  6. To display knowledge and an appreciation for social work values and ethics required in doing social service research--particularly as it relates to social justice issues aubjected to populations-at-risk in experimentation and in other aspects of employing research protocols. (Program Objectives: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9)
  7. To demonstrate the ability to interpret standard inferential and descriptive statistics--particularly how these can be used to advance social work practice. (Program Objectives: 1, 2, 3, 4, 9)
  8. To appreciate the value of both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. (Program Objectives: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9)
  9. To be able to employ the use of computer graphics and other technologies to enhance to social science research evaluation of social work practice. (Program Objectives: 1, 2, 3, 4, 9)
COURSE OUTLINE/CALENDAR (a list of closed reserve assignments can be found by clicking)
Date or Lecture 
Topic
  Course Objectives 
Activities & Readings
Outcome Measures
Week 1 The use of the critical thinking and the scientific method is explored for the generalist social worker.  Other methods of arriving at "truth" are also addressed. The relationship between theory and research is presented. Unethical use of research is illustrated in the context of abuse of populations-at-risk. Feminist approach is also introduced.   Roles of research in Generalist Practice is emphasized (consumer, producer, pure applied, etc.). Research methods are critical for writing grants.  An important tool for grant writing for rural areas can be found on the Rural Social Work Caucus web page.  1, 6, 9 Read Chapter 1
  • Introduction to Snappy (the UNCP Student Server) and the Computer Labs. To get a free Internet account complete and submit the "New User Account" form found at http://www.uncp.edu/ucis/accounts/.  To use and check your email, go to http://webmail.uncp.edu/. If you are confused, please ask in class or email the professor.  To learn about UNC-P computers for social work majors, go to The Student Social Work Handbook and click at "Using Computers as a Social Work Major."
  • Students must use email for submitting and receiving assignments in this class.  We have a computer lab tech who is responsible for helping students with computer graphics and Internet -- both skills are required for this course.

  • Student who are perplexed about software (i.e., Excel, Powerpoint, etc) can go to http://www.uncp.edu/ucis/guide/index.htm  for extra assistance.
    Quiz 1
    Reaction paper
    Week 2 Types of research questions are outlined and discussed. The systematic use of past literature is emphasized. Various types of bias toward populations-at-risk are addressed. Definitions of basic social scientific terminology are introduced: unit of analysis, variables [independent, dependent, intervening], concept, level of measurement (nominal, ordinal, intervaland ratio), operationalization.  1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9 Read Chapter 2 and 13
    Reaction paper for Hart, C. (1998). Doing a Literature Review. Chapter 7.
    Select three "reviews of literature." These can be selected from the Review of Literature Option and Review of Literature Options for Child Welfare Scholar on this syllabus or students may find their own. All citations that have not be taken from the links must be approved by professor.  Read the three articles.  Word process your analysis of each article on a separate sheet of paper. Your analysis will include two single spaced paragraphs.   In the first paragraph, compose an abstract (summary).   In the second paragraph, employ the class's typology to catagorize each of your three articles. Students must explain why the article fits into the category selected.  No quotes are permitted!  On your cover sheet include your name, date completed, and  following statement: I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid in the preparation or completion of this manuscript. ________________________________  Make a space to sign your name for each draft you submit for class.   Please read the CASW Code of Ethics prior to signing your name.
    Quiz 1
    Reaction paper
    Review of Literature paper
    Week 3 Without ethical foundations, social workers who are evaluating their practice or doing research can do danage to their client systems. 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 Read Chapter 3
    Reaction paper for:
        Cyril Burt: Psychologist, Chapter 12
        Ethical Issue in Research Encyclopedia of Social Work [19th edition] pages 884-893.
    Quiz 1
    Reaction paper
    Week 4 Why sample? A demonstration of sampling is presented. Various types of sampling procedures are introduced. Ethics of sampling is discussed within the context of the film presented during the first week of class.  1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 Chapter 8
    Krejcie & Morgan. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities, Education. & Psychological Measures,30, 607-610. [will discuss in class]
    Quiz 1
    Reaction paper
    Week 5 & 6 An class demonstration of problems of accurate measurement is presented.  Difference between data collection, reliability and validity is addressed.  Reliability and Validity home work assignment is due. Handout (The General Interpetation of r use MS Word).  1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9) Chapter 6 and 7
    Quiz 1 on Blackboard
     Click here for directions http://www.uncp.edu/home/marson/Personal/Syllabi/391_reabilityvality.html, select one of the following citations for an oral presentation: 
  • Mental Measurements Yearbook and it's supplements
  • Aman, M. G. (1991). Assessing Psychopathological and Behavioral Problems in Persons with Mental Retardation: A review of Available Instruments. National Institute of Mental Health.
  • Antony, M. M., Orsillo, S.M. & Roemer. L. (2001). Practitioner's Guide to Empirically Based Measures of Anxiety. NY: Kluwer Acdemic/Plenum Publishers.
  • Bearden. W, Netemeyer, R.G. & Mobley, M.F. (1993). Handbook of Marketing Scales. Sage.
  • Corcoran, K & Fischer, J. (2000). Measures for Clinical Practice: Volume 1 Couples, Families and Children, NY: Free Press.
  • Corcoran, K & Fischer, J. (2000). Measures for Clinical Practice: Volume 2 Adults, NY: Free Press.
  • Cortina, J. M. (1993). What is coefficient Alpha?  An examination of theory and applications. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78 (1), 98-104.
  • Davis, CM et al (1988) Sexuality-Related Measures Graphic Publishing.
  • Fischer, J. Corcoran, K. (1994). Measures for Clinical Practice: Volume 1 Couples, Families and Children, NY: Free Press.
  • Fischer, J. Corcoran, K. (1994). Measures for Clinical Practice: Volume 2 Adults, NY: Free Press.
  • Fredman & Sherman. (1987). Handbook for Measurement for Marriage and Family Therapy, Brunner/Mazel.
  • Heckman, L.L., Deacon, S.A. (1998).  The Therapist's Notebook: Homework, Handouts, and Activities for Use in Psychotherapy.  NY: Haworth.
  • Holman, A. M. (1983). Family Assessment: Tools for Understanding and Intervention. Sage.
  • Hudson, W. (1982). Clinical Measurement Package, Dorsey.
  • L'Abate & Bagarozzi. (1993).  Sourcebook of Marriage and Family Evaluation, Brunner Mazel.
  • Magsea & Moses.(1986).  Outcome Measures for Child Welfare Services, Child Welfare League.
  • McDowell, I. & Newell, C. (1996). Measuring Health: A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Miller, D. & Salkind, N.J.  (2002). Handbook of Research Design and Social Measurement, [5th ed] Sage.
  • Nezu, A. M., Ronan, G.F., Meadows, E.A. & McClure, K.S. (2000).Practitioner's Guide to Empirically Based Measures of Depression. NY: Kluwer Acdemic/Plenum Publishers.
  • Peterson, D.J. & Alexander, G.R. (2001) Needs Assessment in Public Health. NY: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.
  • Powers, M.. (1982). Measures of Socioeconomic Status, Westview Press.
  • Redman, B.K. (2001). Measurement Instruments in Clinical Ethics Sage.
  • Robinson, Shaver & Wrightsman. (1991). Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes. Volume I Academic Press.
  • Sajatovic, M. & Ramirez, L. F. (2001). Rating Scales in Mental Health. Hudson, OH: Lexi-Comp Inc.
  • Shaw & Wright. (1967). Scales for the Measurement of Attitudes, NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • Spreen & Strauss. (1991). A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests, Oxford University Press.
  • Sweetland & Keyser. (1999). Tests, Test Corp of America.
  • Touliatos & Perlmutter (1990). Handbook of Family Measurement Techniques, Sage.
  • Webb, E (et al) (1981). Nonreactive Measures in Social Science, Houghton-Mifflin. No two students may present the same report.  All student must use the Assessment of Instrument form to complete the assignment.  The citations in bold print are the most relevant to social work practice. 

  •     To get the feeling of what clients face, go to http://www.uncp.edu/home/marson/391stratilinst.doc (this is a word document) and complete an instrument.  Dr. Stratil will come to class to explain validity and reliability issues.
    Quiz 2
    Reliability and Validity assignment
    Week 7 What is the essential difference between quantitative and qualitative research? Qualitative and quantitative designs to assess generalist practice is discussed in great detail. Experimental designs are addressed with emphasis on threats to Internal and External Validity.   Qualitative designs include: Case Studies, Target Problem Scaling, Goal Attainment Scaling. Quantitative designs include: Monitoring, Baseline, and Multiple Baseline. Single System Designs are throughly introduced which includes the following concepts and formuli: the decision-making flow chart (MS Word 97), data transformation (both FDT and MAT), autocorrelation (the formula and critical values) and standard deviation.)
    1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
    Read Chaper 9 and 10
    Qualitative Research The Encyclopedia of Social Work [19th Edition], pages 2009-2015.
    We'll have a discussion of this very old but critically important pieces of research:
  • Kostlan, A. (1954). A method for the empirical study of psychodiagnosis. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 35 (2): 83-88.
  • Sines, L. (1959). The relative contribution of four kinds of data to accuracy in personality assessment.  Journal of Consulting Psychology, 23 (6): 483-492.
  •  Quiz 2
    Week 8, 9 and 10 Qualitative methods of practice assessment 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Quiz 2 on Blackboard
    Alter and Evens, Chapter 2,  Chapter 3
    Homework assignments: Student will be assigned a social history to read (click to get it).  Based on the social history and the Ten Commandments of GAS, students will construct a Goal Attainment Scale [click to get the form and Ten Commandments]. This GAS assignment is part of the senior portfolio.  Students can look at Sajatovic, M. & Ramirez, L. F. (2001). Rating Scales in Mental Health. Hudson, OH: Lexi-Comp Inc. (pages 178-186). The examples will help with the homework assignment. Also on closed reserve find Kiresuk, T. J., Smith A., Cardillo, J. E. (1994). Goal Attainment Scaling: Applications, Theory, and Measurement. Hillsdale, N.J. : L. Erlbaum Associates. This citation will be a big help in completing the assignment.  Two sets of data will be given.    Students will be given 3 days to: a) decide the appropriate type of analysis; b) analyze the data [including assessing autocorrelation]; c) completing a graph -- if appropriate [must be computer generated, i.e. Power Point, Excel]; d. complete a write-up which includes an assessment of the effectiveness of the intervention. The homework assignment will be worth a quiz grade.
    Quiz 3
    GAS assignment
    Week 10, 11 and 12 Quantitative methods of practice assessment
    Handouts (check to make sure that your screen matches your hard copy):
  • Z-score (MS-Excel -- use Explorer for best results)
  • Flowchart for Single System Designs (MS-Word 97 -- use Explorer for best results)
  • Formula for autocorrelation (MS-Word 97 -- use Explorer for best results)
  • Data transformation MAT and FDT (MS-Word 97 -- use Explorer for best results)
  • Critical Values Chart for autocorrelations t-test (MS-Word 97 -- use Explorer for best results)

  • MAT or FDT Method:  Which to use? (MS-Word 97 -- use Explorer for best results)
    1, 4, 7, 8, 9 Alter and Evens, Chapter 4, Royse chapter 12
    Reaction papers for:
        Single System Designs The Encyclopedia of Social Work [19th Edition], pages 2164-2168. 
    Not Required but very helpful:
    Berk, K.N. & Cary, P. (1998). Data Analysis with Microsoft Excel. Pacific Grove: Duxbury.
    Carr, J. & Burkholder, E.O. (1998). Creating single-subject design graphs with Mircosoft Excel (TM). The Journal of Applied Behavioral Analysis, 31 (2) 245-
    Quiz 3
    Monitoring design assignment
    Single system assignment
    Week 13 Program Evaluation 4, 5 and 6 Quiz 3 on Blackboard
    Read Chapter 11
    Final Exam
    Week 14 and 15 Introduction to statistics 6, 7 an 8 Read handouts Final Exam

    Final Exam: Go to  http://www.uncp.edu/registrar/acad_info/Exam%20Schedule/exam_spring.htm   for exam schedule
    Required Texts: Royse, David. (2004). Research Methods in Social Work
    About Computer Usage: Social work majors are required to have an email account to submit and receive assignments.  Students may apply for an account on Snappy (name of our computer) at no cost.  Merely complete the  "New User Account" form found at http://www.uncp.edu/ucis/accounts/.   To use and check email, go to http://webmail.uncp.edu/.
    Assignments: Students are expected to complete the assignments listed in the Course Outline section of this syllabus.  The assignments (i.e., reaction papers, etc.) are generally worth the same value as being present in class.   Most homework is worth the same value as a test grade.   The values of each assignment will be announced in class. What is a reaction paper? The purpose of a reaction paper is two-fold. First, it is a method to document that the student actually read the assignment. Second, the reaction paper should be used as notes to help study for state board examinations. All reaction papers are to be submitted via electronic mail to steve.marson@uncp.edu. On the "Subject" line, the transmission must read, "SWK 391, Reaction Paper," followed by the student's name.   Without including this information on the subject line, the email will not opened and the student will not receive credit.  Students must retain a hard copy for their notes and as a backup. All students are required to use the Internet. All files must be submitted in an ASCII format or employing cut ‘n copy technology. No reaction papers will be accepted on or after reading day.
    Cell Phone Policy: Students are not permitted to conduct phone conversations during class time.  Students are not permitted to have cell ring during class time.   Students who use conduct a phone conversation or allow their phones to ring during class time will be drop 10 points on the next quiz or 5 points for their final exam.
    Attendance Policy: Attendance and class participation are critical to the learning and integration of materials. Therefore, the Social Work Department has implemented the following policy. There are no excused absences.  A student will fail the class upon the seventh absence for day classes and the fourth absence for evening class (for three hours courses). Students are therefore encouraged to be mindful of absences and make every effort to be in attendance. Students are expected to have read assigned material prior to the class. Students are also expected to participate in class discussion, exercises, “minute” papers, and any Blackboard discussions that may be announced.  Students are considered in attendance only if present for the entire class. Arriving late or leaving early is disruptive will be dealt with by the instructor.  Attendance will be used as a criterion in determining the final grade.  (Present 1 point; Tardy 1/2 point; Not present 0 points)  For more details see “Class Attendance” in The University of North Carolina at Pembroke.
    Grading Components Scale:  All homework, quizzes and reaction papers 55% [reaction papers will be worth less than homework or quizzes], class participation and attendance 5%, Final exam 40%. Reaction papers are summary of closed reserve readings. All reaction papers will receive a grade, but late reaction paper will not be accepted and will count as an automatic F. All reaction papers are due prior to reading day and MUST be submitted by e-mail. No paper copies will be accepted.  If you need assistance, email.  The grading scale is outlined below and is in the Student Social Work Handbook:

    A 92-100
    B 82-86
    C 72-76
    D 62-66
    A- 90-91
    B- 80-81
    C- 70-71
    D- 60-61
    B+ 87-89
    C+ 77-79
    D+ 67-69
    F 0-59
    Giving and Taking Help
    The practice of social work includes two important concepts: “process” and “outcome”. Outcome is the degree of success in achieving a goal. Process includes the hard work and elf-discipline a social worker employs in achieving a goal. The social work faculty feel that the “process” is as significant as the “outcome”. When one student assists another by sharing projects, term papers, book reports, reaction papers and other assignments, the benefit of the “process” are usurped.  The student who recycles the assignments is denied the opportunity to enhance his/her self-discipline and work habits. Simply stated, Don’t share your work with other students. The social work faculty considers such behavior as cheating a violation of the NASW Code of Ethics and a violation of the Student Honor Code. Students have the responsibility to know and observe the UNCP Academic Honor Code..
    Plagiarism
    The Social Work Program does not permit plagiarism   All students enrolled in SWK courses are required to use the APA citation style, anyone caught plagiarizing automatically receive an F.  You will loose points on assignments if you do not use APA citation style. APA manuals can be purchased in the bookstore. There is a copy on closed reserve in the library. Also refer to the Library resource for APA . You may also get help from University Writing Center hours during the spring semester are from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Thursday and 9 a.m. to 12 p.m. on Friday. For an appointment, stop by the Writing Center, Dial 131, call 910.521.6168, or email writing@uncp.edu.
    Students With Disabilities
    Any student with a documented disability needing academic adjustments is requested to speak directly to Disability Support Services and the instructor, as early in the semester (preferably within the first week) as possible. All discussions will remain confidential. Please contact Disability Support Services, DF Lowry Building, 910-521-6695.
    Child Welfare Waiver Students: For their reliability and validity assignment, Child Welfare Scholars (CHS) must use an instrument related to the practice of child welfare services.  For the review of literature assignment,  CWS are required to complete their review of literature assignment from the special collection found at 391_review of lit_CWS.html
    Portfolio Assignment: The GAS assignment is part of the senior portfolio.
    Blackboard Usage:
    Although SWK 391 is not designated as a Blackboard course, Blackboard is used under two circumstances.   First, if the course is cancelled or the professor is unable to attend class and cannot find a replacement, lectures and assignments will be posted on Blackboard.  Second, depending on the nature of the course, some quizzes will be posted on Blackboard.   Under most circumstances, students will be given a three day window of opportunity to compete the quiz.  If a student is kicked off Blackboard during a quiz, he/she is required to immediately email (steve.marson@uncp.edu or smarson@nc.rr.com) or call the instructor (521-6475). All students are required to completed the Blackboard Orientation.
    Bibliography: Frequently cited during course