Modern America, 1914 -

All American
>Modern America

Major Works

  • To Bedlam and Part Way Back (1960)
  • All My Pretty Ones (1962)
  • Selected Poems (1964)
  • Live or Die (1966)
  • Poems (1968)
  • Love Poems (1969)
  • Transformation (1971)
  • The Book of Folly (1972)
  • The Death Notebooks (1974)
  • The Awful Rowing Toward God (1975)
  • 45 Mercy Street (1976)*
  • Words for Dr.Y:Uncollected Poems w/ Three Stories (1978)
  • The Complete Poems (1981)
  • Selected Poems of Anne Sexton (1988)
  • Family

    • Mother: Mary Gray Staples Harvey
    • Father: Ralph Churchill Harvey
    • Sisters: Jane and Blanche Harvey
    • Husband: Alfred Muller Sexton II ("Kayo")
    • Children: Linda Gray Sexton and Joyce Ladd Sexton

    Homes

    • born in Newton, Mass.
    • Cambridge, Massachusetts
    • Wellesley, Massachusetts
    • Lowell, Massachusetts
    • Weston, Massachusetts
    • summer home on Squirrel Island
    • died in Weston, Massachusetts 

    Occupations

    • clerk 
    • model 
    • poet
    • teacher 
    • professor 

    Chronology

    • 1928: born Nov. 9 in Newton, Mass. 
    • 1947: wrote first poems
    • 1948: eloped with Alfred Muller Sexton II ("Kayo")
    • 1953: diagnosed with postpartum depression.
    • 1953-1954: first mental breakdown; attempts suicide
    • 1955: second mental breakdown
    • 1956: attempted suicide again; resumed poetry writing
    • 1957: met Maxine Kumin
    • 1958: met Sylvia Plath
    • 1959: first public poem reading at Poet's Theater in Cambridge
    • 1960: To Bedlam and Part Way Back published and nominated for National Book Award 
    • 1962: All My Pretty Ones published and nominated for National Book Award; awarded Levinson Prize for Poetry
    • 1964: Selected Poems
    • 1965: elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in London
    • 1966: Live or Die 
    • 1967: Pulitzer Prize for Live or Die
    • 1969: Love Poems 
    • 1969: began teaching at Boston University
    • 1971: Transformations 
    • 1974: The Death Notebooks 
    • 1974: committed suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning on October 4th


    Updated November 12, 2001
    © Mark Canada, 2001
    mark.canada@uncp.edu

    Anne Sexton, 1928-1974

    By Courtney Helena Khan
    Student, University of North Carolina at Pembroke

    Anne Sexton was known as a confessional poet, one who writes real or fictitious, intimate, and hidden details of one's life.  She dealt with subjects that others found inappropriate for poetry.  She wrote about topics that people faced every day, but didn't talk about openly.  Some thought her topics were too personal to write about.  Sexton did not consider herself a feminist, although she wrote poetry concerning feminist issues. Sexton wrote about abortion, menstruation, drug addiction, sex, religion, and suicidal tendencies. 

    "Confessional poetry is a poetry of suffering," according to M.L. Rosenthal, as quoted in Caroline King Barnard Hill's book, Anne Sexton.  "The suffering is generally unbearable because the poetry so often projects breakdown and paranoia."  Rosenthal might have been speaking of Anne Sexton.  Indeed, in the case of Sexton, readers may not be able to tell if the topics she wrote about really happened to her. 

    Sexton's first book of poetry, To Bedlam and Part Way Back, published in 1960, dealt with the breakdown and poetic independence of her life.  Her second book, All My Pretty Ones, published in 1962, was a continuation of her first book of poetry, but its major focus was her concern for the loss of loved ones that made her break down again.  Her third book, the Pulitzer Prize-winning Live or Die, published in 1966, dealt with a progress from sickness to health.  Love Poems, published in 1969, also dealt with the loss of loved ones.  There was a difference between Sexton's poetry from early years to her last poems.  The difference is evident in her next book, Transformations, published in 1971.  In her book Oedipus Anne: The Poetry of Anne Sexton, Diana Hume George notes a shift in Sexton's style, theme, and subject, pointing out that the author became more mythical and dark and that each of the poems turn on a magical transformation.  The Book of Folly, published in 1972, went back to more of her usual themes.  The Death Notebooks, published in1974, reverts to the mythical side of her early works.  Sexton's last book, The Awful Rowing Toward God, published just before her death in 1975, shows some of the same themes and subject matter as earlier works, but with an added touch of joy.

    Anne Sexton's poetry was centered around her reactions to a life marked by drug and alcohol addiction, being in and out of mental institutions, and dealing with the deaths of many loved ones.  Though confessional and sometimes hard to understand, her poetry dealt with issues to which we can all relate.

    Works Cited

    • The Academy of American Poets-Poetry Exhibits-Anne Sexton. 1/25/99 http://www.poets.org/LIT/poet/asexton.htm
    • Canada, Mark. Canada's America. 1999. http://www.uncp.edu/home/canada/work/canam/canam.htm
    • Encyclopedia of World Biography.  Anne Sexton. Vol.14, pg.125.
    • George, Diana Hume.  Oedipus Anne: The Poetry of Anne Sexton. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.
    • ---, ed.  Sexton: Selected Criticism. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988.
    • Hall, Caroline King Barnard.  Anne Sexton. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1989.
    • Middlebrook, Diane Wood.  What was Confessional Poetry?. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993.
    • ---.  Anne Sexton: A Biography. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1991.
    • Sexton, Anne.  The Awful Rowing Toward God. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1975.
    • ---.Diane Wood Middlebrook & Diana Hume George, eds. Poems Selections. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1988.